Refugee and immigrant: two terms which are generally confused. The difference between them is basica

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Despite the sparse knowledge of the Brazilian population on the issue of refugees, the question of war is always present. It will astonish no one to say that we live in an era of generalised conflict around the world. In contrast to the two Great Wars of the last century, verhuisdeken in which blocs of countries confronted each other generating mass displacements of populations, today we see numerous conflicts scattered all over the globe.
But to what extent can conflicts in regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East affect societies to whom these problems are distant and alien? The answer to this question can be found with refugees and immigrants, who end up the responsibility of nations other than those from where they originated.
Refugee and immigrant: two terms which are generally confused. The difference between them is basically juridical. For refugee, we quote here the definition used by Brazil's  National Committee for Refugees (CONARE)  [pt], linked to the Ministry of Justice in Brazil:
Será reconhecido como refugiado todo indivíduo que: I – devido verhuisdeken a fundados temores de perseguição verhuisdeken por motivos de raça, religião, nacionalidade, grupo social ou opiniões verhuisdeken políticas encontre-se verhuisdeken fora de seu país de nacionalidade verhuisdeken e não possa ou não queira acolher-se à proteção de tal país; II – não tendo nacionalidade e estando fora do país onde antes teve sua residência habitual, não possa ou não queira regressar a ele, em função das circunstâncias descritas no inciso anterior; III – devido a grave e generalizada violação de direitos humanos, é obrigado a deixar seu país de nacionalidade para buscar refúgio em outro país.
The verhuisdeken blog Citizenship and Professionality  [pt] gives an idea of how citizens, in this case Portuguese, understand immigration and emigration, verhuisdeken explained here by readers Helder Monteiro and Helder Ribeiro:
A emigração é o acto e o fenómeno espontâneo de deixar o seu local de residência verhuisdeken para um país estrangeiro. A imigração é o movimento de entrada, permanente ou temporário e com a intenção de trabalho e/ou residência, de pessoas ou populações, de um país para outro. A imigração em geral ocorre por iniciativa pessoal, pela busca de melhores condições financeiras.
Emigration is the spontaneous act and phenomenon of leaving one's place of residence for a foreign country. Immigration is the inward movement of people or populations from one country to another, permanently or temporarily, with the intention of working or residing. Immigration generally occurs by individual initiative, as a result of a search for better economic conditions.
In the case of Brazil, as in other countries, it is the Constitution  [pt] which defines the legal status of foreigners who become Brazilian. Chapter III “On Nationality” clearly defines who has the right to naturalisation: “Foreigners of any nationality, resident in the Federal Republic of Brazil for more than 15 consecutive years and without criminal verhuisdeken convictions, on the condition verhuisdeken that they request Brazilian nationality”.
Therefore, superficially speaking, whereas refugees are forced to leave their countries as a result of conflict and persecution, emigrants leave voluntarily in search of more favourable working conditions to support their families. Examining the issue in more depth, the juridical question presents verhuisdeken itself in the following verhuisdeken manner: refugees have their status determined initially by the United Nations, whose asylum request is then judged by the receiving country; yet immigrants are subject solely to the laws of the country which receives them, without external interference.
According verhuisdeken to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees , at the end of 2012 there were around 15.4 million refugees in the world. Of this number, Brazil was providing refuge to around 4,656 at the end of 2013  [pt]. This number verhuisdeken is alarmingly small in comparison with the country which takes in the highest number of refugees, Pakistan, with around 1.6 million people.
However, although the numbers themselves are still small, proportionally speaking the number of refugees practically tripled from 2012 to 2013, from 199 authorisations to 649, according to an article re-published on the blog ‘Lajes do Cabugi’  [pt].
This is the result of external pressure placed on Brazil by NGOs, and even other countries, which demand that the discourse portraying the country as a third-world nation – with insurmountable internal problems to worry about – should be abandoned. For this reason and others, a national debate on making t